Gas benchmarks

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Single transfers

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Batch transfers

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Total cost

• V5 has higher gas overhead for single transfers (+65% vs V3) but becomes efficient with batch operations. Supports up to 255 messages per transaction.
• Highload V3 is expensive for single transfers but becomes highly efficient at scale:
  • Gas cost doesn’t change with the number of messages in a batch
  • 100 messages: ~79 gas/msg
  • Designed for handling thousands of transactions

"Wallet V3 batch 4 messages": {
    "gas": 4920,
    "compute_fee_nanoton": 1968000,
    "storage_fee_nanoton": 0,
    "import_fee_nanoton": 1276800,
    "total_fwd_fees_nanoton": 1600000,
    "forward_only_nanoton": 1066676,
    "action_fee_nanoton": 533324,
    "total_fee_nanoton": 3778124,
    "reported_total_nanoton": 3778124,
    "true_network_total_nanoton": 4844800,
    "transactions": 1
}

"Wallet V5 batch 12 messages": {
    "gas": 12826,
    "compute_fee_nanoton": 5130400,
    "storage_fee_nanoton": 0,
    "import_fee_nanoton": 3790400,
    "total_fwd_fees_nanoton": 4800000,
    "forward_only_nanoton": 3200028,
    "action_fee_nanoton": 1599972,
    "total_fee_nanoton": 10520772,
    "reported_total_nanoton": 10520772,
    "true_network_total_nanoton": 13720800,
    "transactions": 1
}

"Highload V3 batch 12 messages": {
    "gas": 7956,
    "compute_fee_nanoton": 3182400,
    "storage_fee_nanoton": 0,
    "import_fee_nanoton": 4096400,
    "total_fwd_fees_nanoton": 8552000,
    "forward_only_nanoton": 5701381,
    "action_fee_nanoton": 2850619,
    "total_fee_nanoton": 10129419,
    "reported_total_nanoton": 10129419,
    "true_network_total_nanoton": 15830800,
    "transactions": 2
}

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Methodology

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Sandbox measurements:

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On-chain measurements:

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Use case recommendations

• Use V3 or V4 — most cost-effective for single transfers (2,994 gas baseline)
• V5 adds 65% gas overhead for single transfers but provides modern features
• Total cost difference negligible for low volume; choose based on feature needs

• Use V5 for batch operations — 6% savings vs V3 for 12-message batches
• Single V5 batch (255 msgs) more efficient than multiple V3/V4 batches
• V5 supports up to 255 messages per transaction vs V3/V4 limit of 4

• Highload V3 becomes efficient with large batches
• Designed for exchanges and payment processors (different processing approach)
• Gas cost remains constant regardless of batch size (unlike V3/V4/V5)
• Note: Uses 2-transaction approach resulting in ~1.8x higher forward fees

• Highload V3: 7956 gas per batch (flat cost regardless of batch size)
• V5: ~1,069 gas/message for 12 messages (scales down with larger batches)
• V3/V4: ~1,230 gas/message (limited to 4 messages per batch)

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Code examples

• Comprehensive gas and fee breakdown analysis
• Automated benchmarking across all wallet versions
• Fee calculation helpers for precise cost analysis